diff --git a/app/models/response_rate.rb b/app/models/response_rate.rb
index e287cd8c..1fde6a7c 100644
--- a/app/models/response_rate.rb
+++ b/app/models/response_rate.rb
@@ -9,6 +9,8 @@ module ResponseRate
   end
 
   def rate
+    return 100 if Respondent.where(school: @school, academic_year: @academic_year).count.zero?
+
     return 0 unless survey_item_count.positive?
 
     average_responses_per_survey_item = response_count / survey_item_count.to_f
diff --git a/app/presenters/subcategory_presenter.rb b/app/presenters/subcategory_presenter.rb
index 7667c5c6..c978c38d 100644
--- a/app/presenters/subcategory_presenter.rb
+++ b/app/presenters/subcategory_presenter.rb
@@ -30,11 +30,14 @@ class SubcategoryPresenter
   end
 
   def student_response_rate
-    @subcategory.student_response_rate(school: @school, academic_year: @academic_year).rate
+    return 'N / A' if Respondent.where(school: @school, academic_year: @academic_year).count.zero?
+
+    "#{@subcategory.student_response_rate(school: @school, academic_year: @academic_year).rate}%"
   end
 
   def teacher_response_rate
-    @subcategory.teacher_response_rate(school: @school, academic_year: @academic_year).rate
+    return 'N / A' if Respondent.where(school: @school, academic_year: @academic_year).count.zero?
+    "#{@subcategory.teacher_response_rate(school: @school, academic_year: @academic_year).rate}%"
   end
 
   def admin_collection_rate
diff --git a/app/views/categories/_subcategory_section.html.erb b/app/views/categories/_subcategory_section.html.erb
index 20a16710..c49a283c 100644
--- a/app/views/categories/_subcategory_section.html.erb
+++ b/app/views/categories/_subcategory_section.html.erb
@@ -16,11 +16,11 @@
             <p>school admin data sources</p>
           </div>
           <div class="body-large mx-3 text-center response-rate">
-            <p class="response-rate-percentage"><%= subcategory.student_response_rate %>%</p>
+            <p class="response-rate-percentage"><%= subcategory.student_response_rate %></p>
             <p>of students responded</p>
           </div>
           <div class="body-large text-center response-rate">
-            <p class="response-rate-percentage"><%= subcategory.teacher_response_rate %>%</p>
+            <p class="response-rate-percentage"><%= subcategory.teacher_response_rate %></p>
             <p>of teachers responded</p>
           </div>
         </div>
diff --git a/spec/models/response_rate_spec.rb b/spec/models/response_rate_spec.rb
index ffde1e39..a679c238 100644
--- a/spec/models/response_rate_spec.rb
+++ b/spec/models/response_rate_spec.rb
@@ -3,9 +3,6 @@ require 'rails_helper'
 describe ResponseRate, type: :model do
   let(:school) { create(:school) }
   let(:academic_year) { create(:academic_year) }
-  let(:survey_respondents) do
-    create(:respondent, school:, academic_year:)
-  end
 
   describe StudentResponseRate do
     let(:subcategory) { create(:subcategory) }
@@ -18,7 +15,6 @@ describe ResponseRate, type: :model do
     let(:sufficient_student_survey_item_2) { create(:student_survey_item, scale: sufficient_scale_2) }
 
     before :each do
-      survey_respondents
       create_list(:survey_item_response, SurveyItemResponse::TEACHER_RESPONSE_THRESHOLD, survey_item: sufficient_teacher_survey_item,
                                                                                          academic_year:, school:, likert_score: 1)
       create_list(:survey_item_response, SurveyItemResponse::STUDENT_RESPONSE_THRESHOLD, survey_item: sufficient_student_survey_item_1,
@@ -28,6 +24,7 @@ describe ResponseRate, type: :model do
     end
     context 'when a students take a regular survey' do
       before :each do
+        create(:respondent, school:, academic_year:)
         create(:survey, school:, academic_year:)
       end
 
@@ -41,6 +38,7 @@ describe ResponseRate, type: :model do
 
     context 'when students take the short form survey' do
       before :each do
+        create(:respondent, school:, academic_year:)
         create(:survey, form: :short, school:, academic_year:)
       end
 
@@ -67,6 +65,25 @@ describe ResponseRate, type: :model do
         end
       end
     end
+
+    context 'when the average number of teacher responses is greater than the total possible responses' do
+      before do
+        create(:respondent, school:, academic_year:)
+        create(:survey, school:, academic_year:)
+        create_list(:survey_item_response, SurveyItemResponse::STUDENT_RESPONSE_THRESHOLD * 11, survey_item: sufficient_student_survey_item_2,
+                                                                                                academic_year:, school:, likert_score: 1)
+      end
+      it 'returns 100 percent' do
+        expect(StudentResponseRate.new(subcategory:, school:,
+                                       academic_year:).rate).to eq 100
+      end
+    end
+
+    context 'when no survey information exists for that school or year' do
+      it 'returns 100 percent' do
+        expect(StudentResponseRate.new(subcategory:, school:, academic_year:).rate).to eq 100
+      end
+    end
   end
 
   describe TeacherResponseRate do
@@ -81,7 +98,6 @@ describe ResponseRate, type: :model do
     let(:sufficient_student_survey_item_1) { create(:student_survey_item, scale: sufficient_scale_1) }
 
     before :each do
-      survey_respondents
       create_list(:survey_item_response, SurveyItemResponse::TEACHER_RESPONSE_THRESHOLD, survey_item: sufficient_teacher_survey_item_1,
                                                                                          academic_year:, school:, likert_score: 1)
       create_list(:survey_item_response, SurveyItemResponse::TEACHER_RESPONSE_THRESHOLD, survey_item: sufficient_teacher_survey_item_2,
@@ -91,6 +107,10 @@ describe ResponseRate, type: :model do
     end
 
     context 'when the average number of teacher responses per question in a subcategory is at the threshold' do
+      before :each do
+        create(:respondent, school:, academic_year:)
+        create(:survey, school:, academic_year:)
+      end
       it 'returns 25 percent' do
         expect(TeacherResponseRate.new(subcategory:, school:,
                                        academic_year:).rate).to eq 25
@@ -99,6 +119,8 @@ describe ResponseRate, type: :model do
 
     context 'when the teacher response rate is not a whole number. eg 29.166%' do
       before do
+        create(:respondent, school:, academic_year:)
+        create(:survey, school:, academic_year:)
         create_list(:survey_item_response, SurveyItemResponse::TEACHER_RESPONSE_THRESHOLD + 1, survey_item: sufficient_teacher_survey_item_3,
                                                                                                academic_year:, school:, likert_score: 1)
       end
@@ -110,6 +132,8 @@ describe ResponseRate, type: :model do
 
     context 'when the average number of teacher responses is greater than the total possible responses' do
       before do
+        create(:respondent, school:, academic_year:)
+        create(:survey, school:, academic_year:)
         create_list(:survey_item_response, SurveyItemResponse::TEACHER_RESPONSE_THRESHOLD * 11, survey_item: sufficient_teacher_survey_item_3,
                                                                                                 academic_year:, school:, likert_score: 1)
       end
@@ -118,5 +142,12 @@ describe ResponseRate, type: :model do
                                        academic_year:).rate).to eq 100
       end
     end
+
+    context 'when no survey information exists for that school and academic_year' do
+      it 'returns 100 percent' do
+        expect(TeacherResponseRate.new(subcategory:, school:,
+                                       academic_year:).rate).to eq 100
+      end
+    end
   end
 end
diff --git a/spec/presenters/subcategory_presenter_spec.rb b/spec/presenters/subcategory_presenter_spec.rb
index e2c0e16e..79878c19 100644
--- a/spec/presenters/subcategory_presenter_spec.rb
+++ b/spec/presenters/subcategory_presenter_spec.rb
@@ -68,11 +68,11 @@ describe SubcategoryPresenter do
   end
 
   it 'returns the student response rate' do
-    expect(subcategory_presenter.student_response_rate).to eq 25
+    expect(subcategory_presenter.student_response_rate).to eq "25%"
   end
 
   it 'returns the teacher response rate' do
-    expect(subcategory_presenter.teacher_response_rate).to eq 50
+    expect(subcategory_presenter.teacher_response_rate).to eq "50%"
   end
 
   it 'returns the admin collection rate' do